December 2023

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Prevention of infections related to health care with a focus on hand hygienization

Marlene Simões e Silva, Pamela Nery do Lago, Divina Elenice Cardoso Bessas, Karine Alkmim Durães, Flávia Cristina Duarte Silva, Suellen Ferreira Santos Silva, Andreia Christianne Lessa Souza, Bianca Cristina Silva Assis Santiago, Renata Castro Mendes, Luciana de Morais Lisboa, Letícia Maria de Oliveira Nogueira da Gama, Priscila Costa Ribeiro Esteves, Elen de Oliveira Peixoto, Valéria Cristina de Sousa, Polyana Christine de Oliveira, Flávia de Oliveira Freitas, Carla Alves Silva, Tatiana Gonçalves de Faria, Noel Morais de Souza, Marilete Henrique Santiago Siqueira, Maíra Amaral Silveira Gomes Ferreira, Samira Alves Barbosa Gonçalves, Irene Aparecida da Consolação e Silva, Francisca Áurea Portela Martins Carvalho, Deltiane Coelho Ferreira, Letícia Lacerda Marques, Janielle Bandeira Melo, Morgana Boaventura Cunha, Jéssica Laianne da Silva Carvalho, Glória Frazão Vasconcelos, Cicília Fernanda Pessoa Moura, Camilla Greyce Santos Silva Fontes, Grayce Kelly Nunes Fernandes, Simonize Cunha Barreto de Mendonça, Diana Matos Euzébio, Naiane dos Santos Campos Gama, Kelly Franciane Lima Alves, Marília Prata Oliveira, Fernanda Ghessa Oliveira SantAnna Morais Carvalho, João Paulo Morais Carvalho, Maria Auxiliadora Sena Conceição, Flávia Roberta Nogueira Leite, Francisca Vieira Alonso Loli, Josias Pereira de Santana, Luciene Maria dos Reis, Eveline Araújo Maia, Deisy Rejane Barbosa Bezerra, Andrea Molina Lima Avelino, Ana Kelly Alexandre Martins Soares, Ayla Lima Soares, Samanntha Lara da Silva Torres Anaisse, Ana Teresa Gonçalves de Souza, Priscila Maria da Silva Burégio Melo, Elisa Moura Melo Mesquita Monteiro, Elitânia Luz da Silva, Diana de Oliveira Bezerra, Liliane Soares de Santana Souza, Cristiane de Oliveira Ribeiro, Krisia Patrícia Pontes da Silva, Maria Izabel Gonçalves de Alencar Freire, Adelmo Barbosa de Miranda Junior, Marcos Renan Marotto Marques, Vinícius Augusto Pessamílio, Anna Elizabeth Grant de Oliveira, Gabrielle Maria de Sá Moraes Leandro Jardim, Maria Virgínia Pires Miranda, Diélig Teixeira

ABSTRACT:Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are among the various health problems that affect the quality of care in healthcare services. The prevention of HAIs is achieved through the practice of epidemiological surveillance in health services and the adoption of effective measures to control these situations. Among these measures, we can mention hand hygiene, which is a highly effective, easily accessible, and low-cost measure. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of hand washing and hygiene strategies as a measure to prevent infections in a hospital environment. Methodology: In order to prepare this study, an integrative literature review was carried out through the selection of publications relating to the theme explored. The research was conducted from January to March 2023 in the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and Semantic Scholar databases, using the keywords hand hygiene, infections, and hospital. 17 works were found that completely covered the topic addressed. Results: Only part of the healthcare team, especially nurses, adequately adheres to hand hygiene and cleaning in the context of caring for hospitalized patients. In many studies, it is possible to observe a low rate of adherence to correct hand hygiene, considering all professional categories. However, the lack of supplies may be associated with low adherence to hand hygiene, but it does not explain the cause since hospitals, even in precarious situations, have places for hand hygiene, even if they are in smaller quantities. Strategies based on complementary stimuli should be adopted, as they improve adherence to hand washing by up to 70%. Conclusion: Therefore, it is essential to ensure adequate training of healthcare professionals to increase adherence to hand hygiene recommendations. It is essential to find solutions that go beyond teaching techniques to improve hand hygiene adherence rates by healthcare staff in hospitals. Institutional leadership plays a crucial role in establishing clear policies, providing adequate resources, and promoting an organizational culture that values patient safety.

[ FULL TEXT PDF 1-9 ] DOI: 10.22587/ajbas.2023.17.12.1

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Bootstrapping insights into attribute equivalences in ratings-based conjoint analysis of dairy products

Eduardo Campana Barbosa, Jhennifer dos Santos Nascimento , Carlos Henrique Osório Silva , Suzana Maria Della Lucia , Valeria Paula Rodrigues Minim , Kamila Andrade de Oliveira , Paulo César Emiliano

ABSTRACT: The Ratings-Based Conjoint Analysis (RBCA) is a method for understanding consumer preferences within various industries. Nevertheless, there exists a necessity for practical applications and improvements to enhance its overall utility. This research addresses this gap by demonstrating a tangible data application of RBCA and introducing additional insights into the relative importance of each attribute. These perspectives are derived through the utilization of empirical distributions obtained via bootstrapping. The primary objective of this study is to broaden the practical application of RatingsBased Conjoint Analysis by integrating bootstrapping techniques to infer attribute importance. The focus is specifically on a case study involving three attributes and twelve treatments (labels of dairy products) within a complete factorial design. For this, adjustments are made to the RBCA model, incorporating bootstrapping to establish empirical distributions for the relative importance of the evaluated attributes. The dataset utilized in this study encompasses preference-based scores, providing a comprehensive perspective on consumer choices concerning dairy products. An analysis of empirical distributions identifies equivalent levels of importance for two evaluated attributes. This nuanced inference challenges conventional assumptions and contributes valuable insights into consumer preferences for dairy products. In conclusion, this study showcases the practical application of Ratings-Based Conjoint Analysis by incorporating bootstrapping techniques. The empirical distribution analysis reveals equivalent importance levels for two attributes, emphasizing the significance of employing such techniques in conjoint analysis for decision-making. This research contributes to the advancement of conjoint analysis methodologies and provides practical insights into the relative importance of attributes. The implications of these findings extend to product development, marketing strategies, and overall consumer satisfaction within the dairy industry. .

[ FULL TEXT PDF 10-19 ] DOI: 10.22587/ajbas.2023.17.12.2

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Improving Resolution Qualities in Low P-Impedance Sand Channels with Synthetic and Recursive Seismic Modeling Techniques

Ilozobhie Anthony John, Egu Daniel Ikechukwu, Obalola Hammed Abimbola and Mzough Oranderen Matthew

ABSTRACT: Creating improved platforms that allow continuous media vacillations and discontinuities at geologic boundaries is limited because the standard synthetic modeling method cannot determine the fluids and lithologies from P and S wave impedances. This is because the bandwidth of the seismic data causes the dominant frequency of the stacked data to rise abnormally, and reservoir thicknesses fall below a quarter of a wavelength (1/4K). This cognition uses synthetic and recursive seismic modeling techniques to develop better deterministic, high-resolution 3-D seismic tomographic models in low-impedance unconsolidated sandstone reservoir channels. To do this, Hampson Russell Software (HRS) is used to model the acoustic impedance inversion (Ip) and the recursive acoustic impedance inversion (Zp). Then, it applies them to the whole 3D seismic volume. Wells X1 and X2 were used to build the initial model by checking the seismic amplitude spectrum, creating and filtering the P-impedance logs, and picking the horizon before creating the low-frequency models. Using the output seismic recursive inverted impedance (Zp) section, we found that the Zp volume with the broadest range of Ip values was shale at a time of 1950 ms, with speeds between 2.10 and 2.18 x 104 m/s × g/cc. Intermediate Ip impedance occurred from 1.99–2.09 x 104 m/s × g/cc below 1850 ms, corresponding to brine sands, whereas the lowest Ip values occurred from 1.87–1.97 x 104 m/s × g/cc at 1850–1950 ms, indicating hydrocarbon sands. The output seismic model-based section results showed that the inverted Zp volume with the highest range of Ip values occurred from 2.12 to 2.25 x 104 m/s × g/cc at 1950 ms, corresponding to Shale. Intermediate Ip impedance values occurred from 1.94 to 2.09 x 104 m/s × g/cc at 1950 ms, corresponding to brine sands. The lowest range of Ip values occurred from 1.71 to 1.91 x 104 m/s × g/ccat 1850 ms, corresponding to hydrocarbon-charged sands. Comparative result perusal of recursive inversion analysis for wells X1 and X2 occurring both in the first horizon gave different impedance errors of approximately 1058.08 and 1421.98, indicating possible oscillation in the geologic heterogeneity of the horizon, which was resolved by well X2 but well defined by well X1. This indicates that the inserted Ip curves from Well X1 and Well X2 perfectly correlate with the Ip inverted seismic volumes. This assertion improves existing validation techniques for recursive results, which depict evidence of inverted Pwave impedance cross-section input of 3D seismic volumes for multiple wells. This may be an innovation with improved correlational matching of the inverted P-wave characteristic distribution.

[ FULL TEXT PDF 20-28 ] DOI: 10.22587/ajbas.2023.17.12.3

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