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August 2021
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Studies On The Fungal Isolates Of The Soil Spots Of Sweet Potato ( Ipomoae batatas (L.) Lam) Root Tubers In The Field
Michael D Sila, Chike I C Ogbonna, Davou D Nyam, Ponchang A. Wuyep, Vou M. Shutt
ABSTRACT: Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam) deterioration commences from the farm by fungal biodeteriogens and might continue unabatedly in storage to reduce the marketability of the commodity. It becomes necessary to isolate and identify these biodeteriogens to develop strategies of handling the organisms either in the farm or in the store. The soil spots of sweet potato cultivars: CIP 4400648, Ex-Igbariam, Tanzania, TIS 8461 and TIS 87/0087) were investigated in Rayfield on the Jos Plateau to isolate and identify the mycoflora associated with the cultivars. A fifty gram weight (50.00g) of soil each was collected and was also assessed for ecological parameters. Mycorrhizal region of the root tubers was also examined. Amylolytic activity in the experimental soil and some of the isolates were determined. The experimental soil had MC of 25%, 2.8% organic matter, some non-metallic elements and pH range of 6.2 – 6.4. The fungal isolates from the farm that were observed were Ascomycetes (2), Phycomycetes (9) and Hyphomycetes (28). Two species of thermophiles (Mucor pusillus and Scytalidium thermophilum), four species of thermotolerants and thirty-three mesophiles were isolated. The genus Aspergillus had the highest number of species. Sixty nine percent (69%) of the fungal isolates was made up of Hyphomycetes, twenty three per cent (23%) Phycomycetes while the Ascomycetes were eight percent (8%). Five yeast species also constituted the isolates. Fungal species of mycorrhizal regions were similar with those of the soil spots. The soil suspension had amylolytic activity and some of the isolates. The study has clearly shown that field fungi are in close association with the root tubers in the farm where they could commence the deterioration process of the farm produce which could continue unabatedly during storage resulting in its poor shelf-life. Therefore, harvested root tubers should be processed immediately into secondary products after harvest to avoid the deteriorative effects of field fungi transferred into storage. Formulation of secondary products with extended shelf-life than the wholesome root tubers, using advanced technology, is the next phase of activity on this farm produce.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 1-9 ] 10.22587/ajbas.2021.15.8.1
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Complications of Ethanol-amine Oleate Intralesional Sclerotherapy Injections of Pediatric Maxillofacial Venous Malformations
Sarah Arafat, Abdelbadia Abdallah Abdelmabood, Wesam Mohamed, Gamal El-Tagy, Amr El-Swify
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Maxillofacial Venous malformations cause many functional and esthetic complications in children, intralesional sclerotherapy is currently their best treatment choice; and Ethanol-amine Oleate is the most commonly used sclerosing agent. OBJECTIVES: In this study we focus on the complications of Ethanol-amine Oleate in order to avoid those complications to ensure patient safety. METHODS: In this study, 15 pediatric patients, 7 males and 8 females, of age 8 months to 11 years who presented with maxillofacial venous malformation were treated with intralesional injections of Ethanol-amine Oleate 5% diluted with normal saline in a ratio 1:4, at 2 weeks interval. All cases were injected by the same operator, and were followed up over a period of 12 months to assess clinical response and complications. RESULTS: Clinical response: 7 patients had complete response, 4 patients showed marked improvement, 3 patients showed moderate improvement, and 1 patient showed no response. The treatment duration range was 1 to 3 months. All Patients experienced post-operative pain; swelling and mild elevation of body temperature, 2 patients had ulceration and scarring in the lower lip. CONCLUSION: Ethanol-amine Oleate is a safe sclerosing agent only for intra-oral venous malformations to avoid face and lip tissue ulceration and scarring. In addition, it is better performed under general anesthesia to reduce the high risk of local anesthesia toxicity, and to monitor all vital signs during the procedure.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 10-18 ] 10.22587/ajbas.2021.15.8.2
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